Retroalimentación en la resolución de problemas: mejora en  el rendimiento estudiantil

Olga Andrea Zambrano Vega; Wiliam Nelson Villegas Pinargote; Tania Monserrath Calle García; Luis Manuel Céspedes Castillo

doi:10.56200/mried.v4i1.11318

Authors

Olga Andrea Zambrano Vega Unidad Educativa Ecomundo. Babahoyo-Ecuador https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1171-4927
Wiliam Nelson Villegas Pinargote Universidad Casa Grande. Guayaquil-Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-8748
Tania Monserrath Calle García Universidad Nacional de Educación. Cuenca-Ecuador
Luis Manuel Céspedes Castillo Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo. Santiago-República Dominicana https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6848-376X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56200/mried.v4i1.11318

Keywords:

feedback, problem-solving, academic performance, education

Abstract

The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of feedback in the resolution of academic problems on student performance. A pre-experimental single-group design was carried out between February and June 2025 in a first-year high school course at a private institution in the south of Quito. The sample consisted of 36 students who participated in problem-solving activities with systematic feedback, oriented toward clarity, specificity, and motivation. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire on problem-solving strategies, a scale measuring the perception of feedback, and the overall academic average in core subjects. The results showed significant improvements in all evaluated dimensions, with statistically relevant increases in problem identification, decision-making, and evaluation of results, as well as in the overall academic average. A positive relationship was identified between students’ perception of feedback and the improvements obtained. It is concluded that feedback constitutes an effective pedagogical strategy to strengthen student performance, as it integrates both cognitive and motivational components into the learning process.

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Author Biographies

Olga Andrea Zambrano Vega, Unidad Educativa Ecomundo. Babahoyo-Ecuador

Unidad Educativa Ecomundo. Babahoyo-Ecuador

Wiliam Nelson Villegas Pinargote, Universidad Casa Grande. Guayaquil-Ecuador

Universidad Casa Grande. Guayaquil-Ecuador

Tania Monserrath Calle García, Universidad Nacional de Educación. Cuenca-Ecuador

Universidad Nacional de Educación. Cuenca-Ecuador

Luis Manuel Céspedes Castillo, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo. Santiago-República Dominicana

Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo. Santiago-República Dominicana

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