Eficacia y seguridad de los ingredientes de los suplementos Pre-entreno: una revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56200/mentor.v5i2.12253Palabras clave:
Suplementos pre-entreno, Rendimiento Deportivo, Efectos adversos, Seguridad, EficaciaResumen
En los últimos años, ha proliferado en los gimnasios la búsqueda de estrategias nutricionales para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo, como el uso de suplementos pre-entreno. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el perfil de seguridad de los suplementos pre-entreno para establecer criterios claros y basados en la evidencia para orientar a los atletas en su consumo. Para ello se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura. Los resultados muestran que creatina, cafeína y beta-alanina cuentan con la evidencia más sólida tanto en eficacia ergogénica como en perfil de seguridad, siendo bien tolerados en dosis recomendadas. En cambio, la L-arginina, el alfa-cetoglutarato, la L-lisina y la L-tirosina (para rendimiento físico) presentan evidencia débil o nula de eficacia en deportistas entrenados. Destaca especialmente la L-arginina, que muestra contraindicaciones formales (infarto agudo de miocardio, herpes) e interacciones farmacológicas graves (antihipertensivos, anticoagulantes, sildenafil). La evidencia sobre seguridad a largo plazo de las fórmulas multi-ingrediente es escasa. Se concluye que solo un subconjunto limitado de componentes justifica su uso ergogénico, y la toma de decisiones sobre el consumo de estos productos exige una valoración crítica e individualizada por profesionales de la salud.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Katia Zayas-Ferral, Anthony Meneses, Eduardo Lome-Gutiérrez, Elena Soto-Vega
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
