Effects of bullying on school underachievement in Ecuadorian students: a documentary review

Abstract

The Bullying phenomenon is a complex social problem, it develops mainly within schools, it involves both students who practice it, and teachers who permanently interact in classrooms and the educational center, it acquires different forms, levels and cultural connotations. The general objective of this article was to reflect on the causes and circumstances of the effects of Bullying on low school performance in Ecuadorian students, it was based on a theoretical investigation supported by a documentary review in a two-part information collection process. parts, the first one selected 97 scientific articles referring to school bullying and school performance in adolescents, in a second part 34 articles were obtained after aligning the variable bullying as an effect on school performance. The study revealed that there is significance between the intensity of bullying and academic performance, the higher the intensity of bullying, the lower performance the student will obtain. Likewise, the causal factors that predominate in bullying are: taking this activity as a joke, perception of superiority due to academic performance or physical appearance, as well as little respect and lack of values ​​involving the family environment.