The Teacher's Role in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: From Content Transmitter to Developer of 21st-Century Skills and Values

Abstract

Generative artificial intelligence radically transformed how knowledge was accessed and processed in education, allowing students to consult content, solve tasks, and write texts automatically, which challenged the traditional role of teachers as information transmitters. This study aimed to analyze the new role of teachers in the face of artificial intelligence, identifying the emerging pedagogical challenges, opportunities, and responsibilities. A documentary review methodology was applied, based on the analysis of scientific literature and international policy frameworks published between 2018 and 2024. The findings revealed a threefold transformation of the teaching role: teachers became designers of learning experiences, facilitators of 21st-century skills, and ethical mediators for the responsible use of technology. It was concluded that AI did not replace teachers but redefined them as key agents in students’ holistic development, highlighting the need for ongoing professional training and educational policies that promote a critical and human-centered integration of AI in the classroom.